The appearance of bruises on the body

Black and blue marks often appear on the body due to a collision with a specific object, and the occurrence of any blow or pressure on an area of the body that can cause the capillaries to rupture under the surface of the skin, and this is what makes the blood precipitate and find no place to exit from it, so it collects under the skin causing the bruise. .

Types of bruises

It is a hematoma resulting from the exit of blood from the capillaries into the tissues under the skin, and it appears in different colors due to the retention of blood in it for a certain period of time, and it is not dangerous unless there is pus and fever in the bruise area. There are three types of bruises that are classified based on their location on your body:

Bruises just under the skin or under the skin.
Bruising of the muscle or underlying muscle.
Periosteal bruises on the bone.

Causes of bruising

There are many reasons that cause bruises to appear, and they differ according to the type of human skin, including:

Unexplained bruises that appear on the leg or knee, and these may appear from a collision with the bed frame, a chair or any other object while walking and without noticing.
Other common causes of bruising include:
- Sports injuries while playing or practicing.
- Car accidents.
- Being hit by someone.
- Medications that cause blood to thin, such as aspirin, or warfarin (Coumadin), and steroids.
- Cut, burn, fall, or natural injury, in this case the bruise forms as part of the body's natural healing process.
- Injections or wearing tight clothing.
- Skin thinning in the elderly.

Symptoms and signs of bruising

Symptoms of a bruise vary according to the cause, and skin coloration is often the first sign, in addition to black and blue, and bruises can also be red, green, yellow, and sometimes tend to brown and purple, and it is also possible to feel pain when injured.

Bruise treatment

Bruises can be treated at home by following some of the following:

Use an ice bag to reduce swelling, after wrapping it in a cloth to avoid placing it directly on the skin for a quarter of an hour.
Bandage the bruised area to get relief.
Take some painkillers, such as acetaminophen (Tylenol), to reduce pain in the area.
See a doctor if the bruise persists and does not change color after three weeks.

How to prevent bruising

A bruise is a casual thing that you will be exposed to at any time, but you can prevent some bruises by being careful in some things, which are the following:

Caution while playing sports and driving: by using pads for the knees and elbows, and sometimes for the shoulders and thighs, in addition to protecting the head with helmets.
Wear long sleeves and pants to protect bruises on the arms and legs.