الثوم
Garlic is a plant of the Narcissi family and is a vegetable rich in mineral salts, vitamins and protein. It also contains potassium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and iron. It also contains positive and negative antibacterial substances and is used in most foods to give them a distinctive taste according to taste.
The most important varieties of garlic
- Baladi: It is characterized by thin leaves and a small head, and even its cloves are small in size and many in number, reaching 60 cloves in one garlic, and it blooms early.
- Italian: One head of garlic contains a large number of small cloves, but it is late in maturation.
- Japanese: It is characterized by a large head and a number of small lobes, and it matures early.
- Chinese: It is characterized by a large head, a small number of lobes, and the outer cover is white in color. It is late in maturity, unlike the local one, which tolerates storage.
Basics for growing garlic
- Suitable soil for its cultivation: Cultivation of garlic succeeds in all lands, but the best soil for its cultivation is yellow.
- Suitable climate: It is grown in moderate weather that tends to be slightly cold.
- Suitable planting time: Planted in the months of October and September.
- Preparing the land for agriculture: The land is plowed two to three times, and before the last plowing, we add municipal fertilizer + 150 kg super phosphate + 100 agricultural sulfur + 50 kg ammonium sulphate + 50 kg potassium sulphate, and then plan the land.
- Preparing and planting seeds: Seeds should be selected that are not empty and healthy and free of diseases. Seeds should be divided immediately before planting. It is important to soak the seeds in running water before planting them for a period ranging from 6 to 12 hours. This will speed up the process of germinating the seeds.
How to grow garlic
- Grafting is done after the cloves germinate.
- Garlic is hoeing during the growing season about 3-4 times, provided that it is superficial and the tamping process is done around the plants. Pesticides can be used to combat weeds that may sprout.
- Fertilization: Fertilizers are added in batches after planting.
- Irrigation is done regularly and lightly, every 10 days. It is irrigated once, and irrigation is not permissible two weeks before harvest.
