Research work stress

Work

Work is distinguished by its benefits in the lives of individuals and societies, and its basic nature in life. As it is considered one of the economic and social necessities, it also forms the link between the individual and his society, and promotes mental, physical, and psychological health, and contributes to supporting a person to achieve his ambitions; Therefore, work is a legitimate right for all people, and work represents a process that is applied jointly between man and nature, and is implemented depending on the use of a specific technology. Therefore, work is a group of activities that seek to achieve procedural goals, and a person is keen to achieve them using his mind, hands, and the machines available for that. Which ultimately leads to the development of human life.

work stress

Work pressures are the interactions that occur between the work environment and individuals, and lead to the emergence of a bad emotional state, such as: anxiety and tension, and work pressures are defined as a group of experiences that affect individuals; due to personal or environmental factors associated with their work in the facility; Where these factors result in the emergence of physical, behavioral, or psychological effects on individuals.

Types of work stress

There are many types of work pressures, and each of them is distinguished by its own characteristics and a method for dealing with it. Below is information about the most important types of work pressures; According to certain criteria:

• Work pressures based on harm and necessity: Any work pressure has a nature of its own. The effects of work pressure vary, but not all of them are harmful. Rather, some of them may be necessary. According to this criterion, work pressures are divided into the following:
  • Benign and necessary pressures: These are pressures needed by the work environment. As many types of businesses need pressure that the manager applies to employees; To maintain their motivation to implement all work requirements.
  • Unbenign and harmful pressures: They are pressures that negatively affect employees, and result in a group of damages, such as: reluctance to carry out work, and feelings of anxiety and depression.
• Work stress based on the stress stage: It is the passage of pressures through a set of successive stages; until it reaches the stage of completion and the emergence of its effects; Where it starts from the stage of pressure formation that leads to the emergence of its initial symptoms, and then moves to the stage of pressure growth that controls the employees, and then comes the stage of maturity of pressure in which the pressure is more than the ability of the employees to resist it, and reaches the stage of contraction to end in the stage of termination.
• Work pressures based on the inclusion of pressure: It is to look at the pressure from above, commensurate with the size of its dimensions affecting the facility, and the work pressures of this type are divided into the following:
  • Comprehensive pressure: It is the pressure that affects all the interests of the employees and the factors specific to the establishment. Where the response to it is a kind of dangerous risk.
  • Sub-pressure: It is the pressure related to the interests of a specific group of employees within the organization, so that their interests collide with the interests and goals of others.
• Work pressures according to the intensity and violence of the pressure: Based on the intensity of the pressure, the pressures are divided into the following:
  • Extremely violent pressures: They are structural pressures related to the environment of the establishment, and are considered long-term and associated with the strategies of the establishment, such as strategies: continuation, expansion, and growth.
  • Moderately violent pressures: These are pressures related to the policies of the establishment. Which leads to strengthening its control over work, and results in overlapping effects that affect employees for a medium term.
  • Quiet pressures: They are pressures related to the daily conditions of the daily establishment, and they appear as a result of daily operations, and employee relations with managers and colleagues at work, and this type of pressure is short-term.
• Work pressures based on variables and changes: They are very dangerous pressures, and they affect both employees and customers, and examples of them are: changing the work system in the facility.

factors for the emergence of work stress

Work pressures appear in the facilities; As a result of its reliance on the influence of several basic factors, namely:

• Environmental factors: They are factors that affect the rate of employee stress within the establishment, and include the following:
  • The economic situation is not proven: the economic environment may be affected by an increase in inflation or recession in a particular country; Which leads to a negative impact on individuals, and this effect appears in the rise in prices in general; Especially the prices of food supplies, and the lack of provision of basic commodities; Which affects the income of individuals and makes them feel anxious and stressed.
  • Accelerated technological development: It is the impact of computer technologies on various businesses. Which leads to individuals feeling a lot of pressure if they are unable to use these techniques.
  • Social changes: They are new phenomena that have appeared in societies that differ from the accepted traditions and values, and result in the emergence of a problem in a specific society, thus enhancing the individuals' sense of pressure.
• organizational factors: It is one of the important factors that lead to work stress. Therefore, some specialized research focused on the organizational behavior of these factors. Because of the apparent difference in work pressures between establishments, according to several reasons, such as: the policies applied in organizing work, the organizational climate, and the size of the establishment, and there are many sources for this type of factor, including:
  • Work requirements: Work pressures vary with the diversity of its requirements, and the causes of pressure vary according to the different jobs, and based on the nature of responsibilities, and the size of the powers of each employee at work.
  • The quality of relationships in the work environment: it is the achievement of interaction between employees in the work environment; Where the relations that bind them in the establishment contribute to providing their social needs, but may lead to the emergence of work pressures in the event that the relations are bad; Which may result in their feeling of isolation.
  • Organizational structure: It is one of the factors that lead to work stress. When decisions are taken with a high degree of centralization, accompanied by weak communication within the facility, and a lack of opportunities for growth, then the employee feels great psychological pressure.
• Personal factors: They are the sources of work stress resulting from the employee in his own capacity, and they are divided into two parts, namely:
  • Pressures related to the employee's life conditions: These pressures are considered external personal factors, such as: suffering from family problems that lead to the employee feeling emotional.
  • The employee's internal pressures: They are the employee's internal factors, and depend on the nature of his personality and way of thinking, such as: his ambition towards achieving a specific goal.