City of Jerusalem
The city of Jerusalem is one of the most important cities around which historical and cultural conflicts revolve in the modern era. Millions of people in the Arab world and the world consider that the city of Jerusalem represents a symbol of the conflict between the Zionist movement and its occupation of the lands of historic Palestine, and the original people of Palestine.
Where is Jerusalem located?
Jerusalem is located in the west of the continent of Asia, near the Mediterranean Sea, on one of the plateaus of the Hebron Mountains region. This plateau is located almost in the middle of Palestine, and is surrounded by many mountains and valleys such as: Mount Mukaber, Mount Mashhad, Mount Al-Tur or Mount of Olives, Mount Scopus, and the valleys of Silwan. Wadi Al-Joz, and Wadi Al-Wadi. The city is about seven hundred and fifty meters above sea level, which makes its summer climate quite moderate, with extremely cold winters in which snow falls in many parts of the city, especially the Old City. The distance between Jerusalem and the Mediterranean Sea is about sixty kilometers, and thirty-five kilometers between it and the Dead Sea, while the distance between it and Amman, the closest city to it, is eighty eight kilometers.
The religious status of Jerusalem
The city is distinguished by many historical and cultural monuments that have made it throughout the ages a center of conflict between many powers in the region and outside it. The city is distinguished by its holiness among the followers of the three Abrahamic religions. In the Middle Ages, the kings of Europe and the papacy considered the city to be the cradle of Christianity. It was being desecrated by Muslim rulers, creating an apparent religious conflict that lasted for more than a hundred years. In the modern era, the Zionist movement seeking to unify Jews around the world was considered That Jerusalem is the historical capital of the State of Israel, starting the ongoing conflict with the Palestinians for more than a hundred years.
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In ancient times, the city of Jerusalem was surrounded by forests of olive, walnut and pine trees, but the succession of wars in that region led to the disappearance of most of those forests and wild lands, and only a few of them remained, such as: Wadi al-Ghazal, which the occupation government tried to destroy to build residential settlements, but it was stopped. This decision was made by Palestinian citizens and environmentalists.
Climate of Jerusalem
The city's climate is a Mediterranean climate, which is characterized by being dry and hot in the summer, and moderately rainy in the winter, but the city's location high above sea level introduces some changes in those basic conditions for the Mediterranean climate. Snow falls on the city twice a year on a consistent basis, which does not happen in most cities in the southern and eastern Mediterranean, and temperatures in the hottest months of the year do not exceed twenty-five degrees Celsius. However, the pollution occurring in the city as a result of the emission of gases from nearby factories and car exhausts contributes to raising the degree of heat sensation.
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