Ghawar field
The Ghawar field is considered one of the largest oil fields in the world. It is located in the east of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. It is a large oil field with oil reserves reaching approximately 5 billion tons. The average depth of the field from which oil is extracted is about 33 meters. It produces more than half of the oil production extracted from All the fields in Saudi Arabia, which is a field belonging to the American company Aramco. The field was discovered in 1948 AD, and put into production in 1951 AD. It provides approximately 55 billion barrels of oil, and contains approximately 120 billion barrels of recoverable oil reserves, according to As Saudi officials estimated, it possesses the second largest oil reserve in the world.
Sections of the Ghawar field
The huge Ghawar field is divided into two main parts: the northern section and the southern section. The northern section is a structure containing light-density oil, the layers of this part reach 160 feet, while the southern section consists of thin layers and denser oil the further south we enter the field.
The world's richest countries in oil
Oil-rich countries are distinguished by some features that differ from other countries, and the most important of these countries are:
- Venezuela: It is considered the richest country in oil reserves, as it possesses approximately 300 million barrels of global oil reserves. Its oil sands are characterized by being low in viscosity. Which makes the process of extracting petroleum from it using traditional methods easy.
- Saudi Arabia: It possesses about 266 million barrels of global oil reserves, and it possesses one-fifth of the world's oil reserves. It is distinguished by the presence of oil in oil wells. Which can be extracted using traditional methods, and according to a study by the US Geological Survey, Saudi Arabia will surpass Venezuela in terms of oil reserves because there are more than 100 million barrels under the sands of the Saudi desert that have not yet been discovered.
- Canada: It has 169 million barrels of oil reserves, the most easily extracted is in the province of Alberta, and the least dense oil is extracted and located at the top; Because the extraction process requires large capital and labor, which is not available in Canada. Therefore, oil extraction is intermittent and in unstable quantities.
petroleum
Petroleum is a broad term that includes a group of organic liquids and gases that are formed after heating kerogen. They are organic materials that are compressed for long periods of time, reaching thousands of years. Its main components are natural methane gas and crude oil. Which consists of hydrocarbons, which is a type of fossil fuel.
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