Introduction
The Horn of Africa is a geographical region located in the eastern corner of the African continent, and this region is distinguished by its strategic location in relation to the continent of Africa, which includes the Bab al-Mandab Strait, as it is located at the head of the strait from the African coast and controls it, and this is what made its location an important strategic location, as it is the strait Which separates the Red Sea on the one hand and the Indian Ocean and the Gulf of Aden and the Arabian Sea on the other, so the location of this region is strategic for the continent of Asia as well, as the Juba and Shabelle rivers pass through it, and the equator also passes from its south, and it was called the Horn of Africa in relation to its similar shape Horn on the map, and this region includes the following countries: Djibouti, Somalia, Eritrea.
State of Eritrea
The state of Eritrea is one of the African countries located within the scope of the Horn of Africa, so that it is bordered on the eastern side by the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean, while on the western side it is bordered by Sudan, which borders it on the northern and western side, and it also shares borders with an estimated length of 605 km, while it is bordered by Ethiopia From the southern side, the length of the border between them is estimated at 912 km, while it is bordered by Djibouti from the southeast side, so that the length of the border between them is about 113 km.
The northeastern corner of the country also constitutes the coastal region overlooking the Red Sea, as it is located on its western coast, and the length of this coast is approximately 1000 km and extends from the “Ras Qassar” area located on the Sudanese border, then to the north of Bab al-Mandab to the “Ras Argeta” area. Located in the south of Djibouti, this coast includes the most important sea ports overlooking the Red Sea, namely the port of “Assab” and the port of “Massawa”. The population of Eritrea is approximately 4 million, spread over an area of 118,000 square kilometers, and the majority of its population speaks the Arabic language.
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Eritrea is distinguished by its charming atmosphere and picturesque lands with a wide spread in it, and the features and topography of its surface are of great diversity, as it contains heights, plain lands, and coastal lands, and a number of rivers pass through it, the most important of which are: the Gash River, the Baraka River, the Anseba River, and the Setit River.
The reason for naming the country by this name
As for naming the country by this name, it is due to the Greek language, so that the word “Eritrea” was derived from the word “Sinos Artrium”, which was the Greek name for the Red Sea, while the word “Eritrea” means the Red Sea.
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