What is a website?

Your website

A website is a central site that includes a number of web pages linked to each other, which can usually be accessed through the home page. As for a web page, it is a file written in hypertext markup language. (in English: HTML), and it can include texts and images, in addition to links to other pages, and the web page can be accessed by the web browser (in English: Web browser) by writing its address in it.

The first website was built in 1991 at the CERN laboratory by the inventor of the Hypertext Markup Language, Tim Berners-Lee. This website can currently be accessed through the link (http://info.cern.ch). In general, websites on the Internet are usually created by companies, governments, or even individuals.

Website address

Two titles are used to represent websites on the Internet or the Intranet. The title of a web page usually consists of 5 sections, which can be defined as follows:

• The protocol used. The most famous examples of protocols used on websites are the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (in English: HTTP) and the Secure Hypertext Transfer (in English: HTTPS), and this section is followed by two vertical dots in addition to two forward dashes. This section tells the web browser which protocol is used to receive information from the site. Other protocols used on websites include the File Transfer Protocol (FTP) and the Telnet protocol.
• Subdomain name (in English: Subdomain); In this section, you can put a subdomain name for the site itself, and you can also replace that and write the phrase (www), which means the World Wide Web, which is not important and can be ignored and not placed in the title.
• The domain name (in English: Domain name) in addition to the top-level domain (in English: TLD); The first is the full name of the site, while the last is the ending form of the domain name. For example: (q8castle.com) represents the domain name of a subject site, and the form (.com) represents its top-level domain.
• The name of the folders (in English: Directories) on the web server that contains the web page that is visited, and one folder is separated from another by a forward dash.
• The file name of the page being visited, and the file name ends with a specific form that represents its type. The name may end in (.php), (.htm), (.jpg), or something else.

Web server

The web server (in English: Web server) is the program used to provide website visitors with site files after their web browser requests them, and the Hypertext Transfer Protocol is used to complete the process. The term web server is also applied to the computer device that contains the pages of a website, or a number of websites.

There are some characteristics that distinguish one web server program from another, such as: its performance on various operating systems, its support for programming languages ​​that are executed on the server (in English: Server-side scripts), including the hypertext preprocessor language (in English: PHP), and security features. Protection, and more. Web server software usually comes with a package of other programs to provide various services, including e-mail services, services for processing requests to upload files via the File Transfer Protocol, in addition to other programs for building and publishing the website.

How to create a website

The website goes through a few stages before it is published on the Internet. After organizing all the contents to be included in it, the site design phase begins, and this can be done in several ways. One can resort to a site that provides site design tools, and specialized software is also available. By its design, one can resort to using a content management system (in English: CMS) to complete the process easily and in less time. The final way to design websites is by programming it completely from scratch. Hypertext markup languages ​​(in English: HTML) and cascading style sheets (in English: CSS) are usually used. There are also other languages ​​that can be used during website design, such as those that are implemented on... The visitor's device, including the JavaScript language, which is executed on the server itself, including the PHP language. As an alternative solution, a specialized programmer can be employed to design the site.

After completing the website design phase, it is possible to host the website and purchase a domain name for it, as there are many websites available on the Internet that provide the possibility of purchasing a domain name at a cheap price. It is preferable that the domain name be easy to remember and write. As for hosting, it is resorted to To one of the hosting sites available on the Internet, and there are several types of hosting services to suit the size and purpose of the site.

One of the well-known types of hosting services is shared hosting (in English: shared web hosting); It is in which a number of sites are hosted on the same server with shared resources, and cloud hosting (in English: Cloud based web hosting), which relies on cloud computing technology in the hosting process, and the payment mechanism in it is based on usage only, and hosting on a private virtual server (in English :Virtual Private Server); So a virtual server is rented that reserves specific resources such as processor power and random access memory capacity (in English: RAM) from a server with high specifications, and hosting on a dedicated server (in English: Dedicated Server); So, a complete computer server is rented. After obtaining the hosting service, the website files are uploaded to the web server through the file transfer protocol using specialized software, so the website becomes available on the Internet.