Research on education

Education

Children and individuals are considered the foundation of society, and they are the makers of tomorrow and the future. Therefore, society and Islam directed their attention towards them. Because children are among the most valuable things that a person receives from God Almighty; He had to preserve this precious treasure and give them all of his time and attention. Because they are the builders of the future, and in order for children to be fully educated; It is necessary to develop them in religion, morals, and the Sunnah of the Prophet - may God bless him and grant him peace - and this is indicated by his saying - Glory be to Him -: (Money and children are the adornment of the life of this world, and the enduring righteous deeds are better with your Lord for reward and better for hope.). In this article, we will discuss the importance of education, its relationship with society and its development, and how it is implemented in Islam.

The concept of education and its goals

The concept of education

Education linguistically: The source of the verb is “rabbi”: meaning to refine, nurture, teach, and care. Technically, it has many concepts, from the point of view of many thinkers, such as William Frankena, who wrote several concepts about education, including:

Actions, actions, and activities of parents, teachers, and schools; To teach children.
Events that take place within the classroom, such as: scientific and practical changes.
The final result, or what the child gains, is called (education).

Education has also been defined as: the adaptation of individuals to their environment and the cultures surrounding them. It is worth mentioning that it is natural for there to be a multiplicity of these concepts, based on the changing factors and circumstances. This is because it is a general topic that interests all individuals.

Education goals

Education is considered one of the most important and sensitive processes, and it was taken care of by reformers and great people who were able to lead their people and nations towards renaissance and advancement. Education is one of the processes that cannot be dealt with without specifying its objectives. Hence, it was necessary to define educational objectives. Educational objectives mean: the changes that are intended to be brought about in individual and group behaviours, and they are summarized in the following:

Taking into account a person's basic needs and nature, and the ability to inform him of his creativity and strengths.
Helping a person determine the form of the relationship between him and society, and the customs, traditions, and heritage associated with it, and paying attention to the individual’s behavior and morals, and strengthening and developing them, without isolating them from society. Because the soul does not arise except in the midst of society.
Strengthening mental powers and powers of perception, which are represented by the ability of the mind and its capabilities in the field of thinking, and learning new concepts and knowledge.
Strengthening emotional forces and focusing on them; It is a type of force that controls internal human behavior.
Giving great importance to social forces; It is one of the types of forces that develop the child until it turns him into a social human being who interacts with those around him.
Strengthening and developing physical or physical strength; They are represented by the organic powers and capabilities linked to nature, which God Almighty has given us and placed in the human body, such as the body’s systems from the digestive and nervous systems, all the way to the five senses, such as sight, hearing, and smell.
Focus on the spiritual aspects and strengthen them; These are forces that exist within the individual, directing him towards interest in many spiritual and religious matters, such as the servant’s relationship with his Lord.
The ability to identify skills, cognitive aspects, habits, future goals, and other things that are intended to be developed and improved in a person.

The importance of education

The importance of education can be summarized in a number of points:

Eliminate differences between classes of society; Through mutual understanding and cooperation.
Facilitating language acquisition; By mixing and interacting with society.
Achieving mental and social development, which leads to gaining experience.
Renewing the culture of society, developing it, and transmitting it across different generations.
Facilitating basic communication processes, between the old and the young, between the teacher and the learner, and between the educator and the child.

Education in Islam

Islam has included all aspects of the individual in terms of education and in terms of his life. To grow fully spiritually, mentally, and morally, and thus the individual becomes good, aware of his rights and duties, and an individual of high morals and correct belief. Islam has urged kindness and leniency in raising children and guiding them; Until the values of kindness and parental affection are firmly established in their minds, as in the hadith A Bedouin came to the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, and said: Do you kiss boys? Why should we kiss them? Then the Prophet, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, said: (Do I hope for you that God will remove mercy from your heart?). Islam also called for educating children, and among the important teachings is religious education. Because it is their happiness in this world and the hereafter, and he made it one of the rights of the son over his father, as the following was stated in relation to this matter: On the authority of Ali, may God be pleased with him, in the Almighty’s saying: “Save yourselves and your families from the Fire.” He said: Teach your families what is good..

Modern education

The old education, or what is called traditional education, encouraged dry indoctrination without spirit, and was based on violence and cruelty. As they believed that harsh education creates strong individuals capable of facing life and its hardships, children were also obligated to memorize and know, whether their ideas agreed with what was memorized or not. As for modern education, it aspires to build responsible individuals who possess a love of work and volunteering. , knowledge, moving forward towards their goals, and building close connections between them, their environment, and their community.

Self-education

Since the individual is the basic structure of society and its nucleus, he has the greatest impact on the welfare of the society to which he belongs, and this requires that there be a responsibility placed on the person as an individual of this society. This is because a person is responsible for himself first, for searching for the right path, for following it, and for discovering and developing the sources of goodness within himself. He is also responsible for his society, his country, his nation, and his world.

Hence, education is partly subjective; Every individual must first be convinced that he is capable of improvement, development, and progress toward the better, and stay away as much as possible from an atmosphere of frustration, especially if society is suffering from despair and frustration resulting from the deteriorating political, economic, and social conditions that are plaguing it, and this despair may lead to... It leads to a state of loss of confidence, whether in oneself or in others. A person must also discover his skills and characteristics and develop them. Whenever a person is preoccupied with what is useful, in most cases he stays away from vices and small things, and becomes close to productivity, giving, and giving. Which leads to the explosion of wellsprings of goodness within him if he has good intentions and is sincere in his work.