Causes of water scarcity in the Arabian Peninsula
The Arabian Peninsula has been suffering for hundreds of years from scarcity and scarcity of water resources on it, especially water suitable for human consumption, crops, and animals, and this problem still exists today. To solve the problems of water scarcity in it, due to the following reasons:
Lack of rain due to the desert climate
The desert climate prevails in the regions of the Arabian Peninsula, as this climate is characterized by high temperatures most of the seasons of the year, in addition to the scarcity and scarcity of rain water in the areas dominated by this climate in many cases, which causes a lack of groundwater collected due to rain and a high rate of evaporation from The water bodies located in these areas, which makes them insufficient to cover human needs for drinking water, irrigation and other necessary uses of water.
lack of rivers
The Arabian Peninsula is devoid of the presence of rivers and springs running through its lands, as the running water in it is limited to torrents that form in the slopes of mountains and plateaus as a result of the collection of rain water and rain falling from the mountains towards it, where some of these torrents are exploited to collect rain water passing through it for its various human uses , although it is not sufficient to cover human consumption due to the lack of rainfall in most areas of the Arabian Peninsula.
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The rapid increase in the population causes an actual increase in the demand for water consumption, in addition to the large and reckless consumption of water by the residents of the regions of the Arabian Peninsula, where the daily consumption of water for each citizen in these areas ranges between 300-750 liters, thus ranking The first in the list of the largest consumption of water around the world, despite the scarcity of water resources and the lack of future water reserves with the great threat of depletion.
depletion of water sources
The regions of the Arabian Peninsula depend on groundwater and saline and wastewater reclamation plants to provide the water needs of their populations, as the large and ill-conceived withdrawal of water from groundwater wells has led to the depletion of the water resources of these wells and the depletion of many of them, in addition to the pollution of some groundwater wells with seawater, which has increased of its salinity and polluted water in the ground.
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