Biodiversity
Biological diversity is a term that means the diversity of living organisms present on Earth, as well as the diversity of forms of interaction among them, starting from microorganisms that are not visible to the naked eye and ending with trees, plants, and large animals such as elephants and whales. Manifestations of biological diversity are spread everywhere, in deserts and oceans. And rivers, forests, and lakes. Biodiversity has many benefits, including: the food supplies that humans need, in addition to the raw materials that humans need to build and populate this land and others. In this article, we will mention the manifestations of the decline of biodiversity and its causes.
Causes of biodiversity decline
- The drought factor, which is affected by the level of running water, which led to the emergence of many problems, including desertification, which in turn negatively affected the ecosystem as a whole. It is known that desertification greatly affected the soil and led to it losing its basic properties necessary for the success of agriculture, and the transformation of The soil is reduced to a form similar to sand, which is not suitable for promoting vegetation cover.
- Excessive use of groundwater as a result of the large increase in the number of people, and thus increasing their needs for water and food, which exacerbated the problem of drought, turning it into a stifling crisis that reached drinking water at times, in addition to the problem of drying out plants and agricultural crops.
- The fragility of the infrastructure used to exploit water resources. The waterways spread across most agricultural lands are still traditional, making it easy for problems of leakage, percolation and evaporation to occur, in addition to the loss of water in large quantities, sometimes reaching 40% of the general level in the affected area.
- Tourism activity on the banks of the rivers has led to the emergence of problems of environmental pollution, the throwing of various wastes on the banks of these rivers, and the excessive and unregulated use of water.
- Heavy and unregulated use of pesticides that negatively affect plants and animals alike, in addition to the collection of animal manure in certain areas instead of using them to improve soil and agriculture.
- Expansion of urbanization into agricultural lands, destruction of plants and trees, such as cutting down forests for various uses.
Manifestations of biodiversity decline
The deterioration of the biological diversity that God Almighty created in the cosmic system has led to the emergence of many problems and manifestations, perhaps the most important of which are:
Read also:Definition of pollution and its types- Depletion of groundwater, which humans mainly rely on to meet their water needs.
- Dryness of the areas surrounding rivers and oases, which over time led to drying out of the soil, which became uncultivable.
