How a simple electric motor works
The engine is the main part responsible for moving various machines in the current era. The engine generates rotational movement from different types of energy and converts it into rotational kinetic energy, which is later transformed into different types of movement. Therefore, it is important to know how the engine works, and for this we will explain in This article is about how to make a simple electric motor for educational purposes:
Tools
- Copper wire.
- Paper clips.
- A piece of wood to use as a motor base.
- Neodymium magnet.
- AA battery.
- Insulated wires.
- Sanding papers.
- awl.
- Silicone individual.
- Wire cutter.
The method of work
- We cut the copper wire to a length of 60 cm - 90 cm, and wrap the copper wire in the form of a tight coil by wrapping it around the battery or any circular object approximately the size of a penguin, making sure to leave part of the wire on two opposite sides without wrapping it, approximately five centimeters long on each side. Then we wrap the ends we left around the electrical coil two or three times and leave the rest stretched out on the sides to ensure that the two wires are facing each other, which helps balance the motor.
- We grind the ends of the copper wire that we left well on both sides using sandpaper, which helps to better conduct the electrical current from the battery to the motor.
- We wrap two paper clips in the shape of the letter “L” from the circular part of it in the middle, so that it becomes like a base and a shelf so that we can place the ends of the copper wire on it. We bring a piece of wood approximately 8 cm long and place the paper clip on it so that the shelf that we made is high above the wooden board. Parallel to it and fixed using an awl.
- We cut about 30 cm of insulated wire and divide it into two halves, then we expose the two ends of the wires from the sides and wrap one of the ends to the shelf that we made from the paper clip, and clip the other end of the wire to the other paper clip.
- We install the magnet by placing it halfway between the two paper clips attached to the piece of wood, and secure it using hot silicone.
- We place the copper coil on the paper clip racks from the two ends that we left quietly, making sure that there is a connection between the copper wire and the two paper clips.
- Connect the other two ends of the wire to the two poles of the battery, keeping in mind that the battery may get hot sometimes. It is possible to use adhesive tape to connect the wire to the battery.
- When the ends of the wires are connected to the two poles of the battery, the copper coil should start rotating, and it may need a slight push before it starts rotating as well.
- If the copper coil does not start rotating, make sure of the following:
- Trim the ends of the copper wire well.
- Adjust the racks of paper clips so that we bring the copper wire closer to the magnet.
- Ensure that the ends of the copper coil are balanced.
- Make sure the wire ends are connected to the battery.
Note: It is important to make various modifications to the engine while it is running or fully connected to make it work the best way.
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