How is diamond extracted?

Diamond

Diamonds are considered a type of very precious minerals, which are composed of the same materials from which coal and lead are made, namely (carbon). It is formed as a result of exposure of carbon to very high temperatures in the depths of the Earth in addition to its exposure to high pressure. Thus, carbon atoms are formed in chemical ways, and these reactions take place in the interior of the Earth at depths exceeding one hundred and eighty kilometers, and at very high temperatures ranging from 1100 to 1400 degrees Celsius, and this carbon may be mixed with other substances such as nitrogen and sulfur, which gives another color to the diamond. Pink diamonds are considered one of the rarest types of diamonds.

diamond properties

Diamonds are characterized by being the hardest type of mineral that has been discovered since ancient times. It is called “hardness” in Greek. It is also considered the first currency that the world deals with, especially in India. Ancient people believed that diamonds are miraculous stones that have the ability to glow, especially at night. In addition, it possesses magical and healing powers from spirits and superstitions, and treats mental illnesses, satanic attacks, and nightmares, as they believe. Diamonds have properties that distinguish them and give them their aesthetic value, including: clarity, color, purity, method of cutting, and carat.

Diamond producing countries

In the past, the city of Antwerp was the world capital of diamonds, but currently 90% of diamonds are manufactured in India, in addition to South Africa, Russia, Canada, and Australia. These are among the most important countries in which diamonds are abundant and the most important countries that produce them, but the regions South Africa is the richest in diamond production.

How to extract diamonds

Diamonds are considered one of the most precious minerals, being a rare mineral. It is said that all the quantities of diamonds that exist in the whole world do not fill a small bus. Diamonds are stored underground and then transported naturally by volcanoes and rivers. As it changes its shape, size, and texture, as for the method of extracting diamonds, it is similar to the method of extracting oil and natural gas through drilling in diamond mines. Currently, the United States of America is considered the first country in the world to produce and sell diamonds, followed by the regions of Europe, then Japan on the continent. Asia.

The most important types of diamonds

Among the best and most important types of diamonds that have been found are:

• A diamond called (Cullinan); This diamond is distinguished by its large size, and is considered the largest ever. It was found in the “Premier” mine in South Africa in 1905 AD.
• A diamond called “Excelsior” that was found in the Jagersfontein mine in 1893 AD.
• Juncker diamond.
• The “Jubilee” diamond.
• Tiffany yellow diamond.
• Victoria diamond.
• Florentine diamond.