pollution
Pollution is a change in the characteristics of the basic components of nature, such as water, air, and soil, as a result of the presence of pollutants in nature, and their causing great damage, which leads to a defect in its system. These pollutants may be alien to the environment, or natural materials that have exceeded their acceptable levels, and the causes of environmental pollution vary. It may be industrial, agricultural, human, etc.
Sources of water pollution in the Nile River
- Household sources: resulting from what people throw of various dirty and harmful pollutants into the water. They are the result of waste resulting from the use of homes. As the population increases in areas close to the Nile River, the pollution in the river increases.
- Industrial sources: resulting from the waste that factories throw into the Nile, and it is characterized by its high content of toxic substances that pose a danger to aquatic creatures and agricultural crops since farmers irrigate their crops from the water of the Nile River. It also poses a danger to humans who use the Nile River water for drinking.
- Agricultural sources: resulting from farmers’ use of agricultural pesticides and pesticides in the soil on their farms adjacent to the Nile River, so that these components decompose in the ground and reach the waters of the Nile River.
- Human and animal sources: resulting from humans and animals bathing in the river, and women washing dirty utensils and clothes using the Nile River on the canals, as well as dead animal corpses in the Nile, in addition to urinating in the canals.
- Plant sources: resulting from the growth of some types of poisonous plants in water, such as the poisonous and harmful Nile rose plant, which multiplies in the water and works to close the water channels and tributaries of the Nile River throughout the land of Egypt. One plant can multiply 150 times within three months, and this causes growth. It is enormous and cannot be controlled, which leads to obstructing navigation and ship movement. It also consumes part of the Nile water. This type of plant affects the growth climate of organisms, making it a deadly climate. It causes many diseases such as schistosomiasis and hepatic malaria. In addition, it exposes fish wealth to death. , especially those that feed on marine plankton and plants.
- Sewage sources: It may occur as a result of pollution of the Nile River water with wastewater that is disposed of in the Nile.
- Radioactive sources: produced by nuclear rays that are used in nuclear facilities. Some of these pollutants dissolve in water upon reaching it and are attached in the form of metals that cause many diseases when they reach the human body.
