Plant growth

Definition of plant growth

Plant growth is defined as an increase in the size of the plant or an increase in the mass of the plant in general, and this increase in the plant may be through the formation of new structures such as: organs, tissues, or cells, or it may be less than that, and growth Either through the formation and production of new ones or through the development of old branches, plant growth is known by several common and uncommon names such as plant development and plant breeding.

Plant growth requirements

Plants need many factors that help them support their growth process, which are as follows:

temperature

Temperature affects plant growth significantly. Very high or very low temperatures will lead to abnormal growth and a decrease in production, so it is necessary to take into account the appropriate temperature for the growth of each type of plant.

water

Plants need sufficient amounts of water to grow, and if the roots dry out due to lack of irrigation, they die, or they may need time to recover, and this will result in reduced production.

Oxygen

Oxygen helps plants perform their functions of absorbing water and nutrients, and conditions of low oxygen availability are fatal or damaging to the plant.

the light

Plants need large amounts of light derived from sunlight, as light is an important and direct factor in plant growth and prosperity, as it contributes to stimulating the plant to the process of photosynthesis and feeding it with energy. Without light, most plants will not be able to grow or reproduce, as it contributes to the formation of green plant life. Which leads to the growth of the plant and the blooming of flowers. It is noteworthy that natural daylight or artificial light can be used as lamps, even if they are less effective than natural light.

Mineral salts

Minerals are necessary for plants in general, especially mineral salts. Mineral salts are obtained by dissolving them in water and dividing them into molecules known as ions, which are then transmitted to the plant through their absorption by the root. Mineral salts enter the plant’s growth by stimulating the photosynthesis process. Examples of mineral salts that plants need: calcium, iron, and copper. It is noteworthy that fertilizer contains some mineral salts that plants need.

Biological processes in plants

Biological processes are defined as a group of processes carried out by plants in order for them to grow properly and continue. Plants perform various vital processes, just like the rest of the various living organisms, and among these processes are the following:

Photosynthesis

Plants carry out the process of photosynthesis or photosynthesis to build glucose, which is their main source of food. In this process, plants depend on the presence of sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide. Plants need sunlight to use it as a source of energy that they need in the process of breaking down water and carbon dioxide gas to produce glucose in a specific chemical reaction. After producing sugar, the mitochondrial organelles present in the plant break it down to produce energy that is used for the purposes of plant growth and repair, and the oxygen that is released from the holes to be used. By other beings.

breathing

The respiration process occurs in plants by taking advantage of the oxygen resulting from the process of photosynthesis and linking it with glucose to produce usable cellular energy, carbon dioxide molecules, and water. Since the respiration process does not depend on the presence of light, it can occur during the day or night alike.

Plant growth is a natural state that plants go through, just like other living organisms, in order to continue and perpetuate. Plant growth means increasing their size, and the growth of girls requires many things that help in this, including: heat, light, mineral salts, oxygen, and others. It is noted that Photosynthesis and respiration are among the most important vital processes carried out by plants.