The Nile River
The Nile River is one of the main global rivers in terms of the abundance of water that flows in it, and in terms of the breadth of its basin, as ten African countries participate in the river basin. the world.
The Nile River originates from the plateau of lakes in southern Sudan, as it feeds the permanent tropical rains throughout the year, Lakes Edwards, Victoria and Albert. Seasonal in the center and desert in the north, that is why the tropical rain at the sources of the river is the main reservoir that provides life.
Its economic importance
The Arab Republic of Egypt is considered one of the countries of the Nile River basin most affected by its waters, as it is located within the range of a desert climate that rarely rains. It is true to say that Egypt is the gift of the Nile. Without the Nile River, no civilizations would have arisen in Egypt.
In the agricultural field, agriculture depends entirely in Egypt, especially on the river water. Most of the population is concentrated along the course of the Nile River and in its branching area in the north in the delta plains, which are considered among the most fertile plains in the world because of the silt that the river brings on its long journey. The Egyptians were able to develop means Irrigation did not exist in their era, so they dug canals parallel to the course of the river to take advantage of the flood of the river in the summer, and branched out of these canals to irrigate their crops. These crops are cotton, wheat, sugar cane, dates, fruits, and citrus fruits.
Read also:What is the length of the Nile River?The richness of the Nile in fish and marine life gives the Nile another economic importance, as the river is rich in its fish wealth.
Risks exposed to the Nile River
Before searching for ways to preserve the Nile River, it is necessary to identify the dangers facing the Nile River, and some of these aspects are:
- Climate change, the phenomenon of climate change has become a reality, as there are changes in the climatic conditions of many countries of the world, and there is a decrease in the amounts of precipitation in general.
- Population growth, especially in the countries of the Nile River Basin, as African countries are among the world's most naturally growing countries in population.
- Water pollution, the more advanced human societies are, the more numerous means of pollution will be.
- Horizontal expansion in agriculture and the reclamation of uncultivated ones.
Preserving the Nile River
- Searching for additional water resources, such as building dams in rainy areas on the Egyptian-Sudanese border.
- Developing irrigation methods to reduce the percentage of lost water, whether by evaporation or leakage.
- Seawater desalination.
- Reducing the areas of crops that need more water to crops that require less water.
- Preserving the river water from pollution.
